3.3. Advances in medicine

Before starting ⇨ Complete the routine See/Think/Wonder

• What do you see?
  
• What do you think about that?
  
• What does it make you wonder?

1. PREVENTION of illnesses: vaccination
One way of developing immunity to some infectious diseases is through vaccination. 
A vaccine is a dose of the weakened virus or bacteria which stimulates the white blood cells to make antibodies.
Vaccines work by exploiting the immune system’s memory. Vaccination simulates an infection, training the immune system and enabling it to develop weapons to fight back.

➨ Who discovered vaccines?

2. DIAGNOSIS of illnesses
Diagnosis is the act of identifying and illness based on symptoms and test.
In 1895 a scientist accidentally discovered a form of electromagnetism radiation that could pass through the body and leave an image of the bones and organs on a photograph plate.
The discovery of these Xrays led to a medical revolution and helped doctors make more accurate diagnoses.

3. TREATMENT of illnesses
In 1928 the scientist Alexander Fleming made an accidental discovery. He noticed that when mould grew on a bacteria dish the bacteria near the mould died.Chemists separated the substance, called penicillim, from the mould. Today doctors treat many kinds of infectiones with penicillin and it has saved many lives.
Chemists have found ways to make similar substances which kill bacteria. These medicines are called antibiotics.

➡ What are painkillers?

➨ Choose one illness to investigate and complete a graphic organiser

4. NEW TECHNIQUES in surgery
Since the invention of anaesthesia in 1800, there has been lots of advances in surgery. Microsurgery allows surgeons to operate on microscopic parts of the body, such as damaged nerves or capillary blood vessels, by using a special microscope.

Other advances in medicine. Complete:

Añadir leyenda

• 1818
• 1922
• 1952
• 1954
• 1978
• 1996
• 2004